Textile Finishing Process

Textile Finishing Process
Aya mana maitiro ndiwo maitiro ekutanga, maitiro achave akasiyana zvichienderana nechigadzirwa chaicho.
1. Bleaching process
(1) Cotton scouring uye bleaching process:
Kuimba - - kuda - - - bleaching - - - mercerizing
Singeing: Nokuti donje ipfupi fiber, pane pfupi fluff pamusoro pechigadzirwa.Kuitira kuti jira rive rakanaka uye rakanakira kurapwa mune ramangwana, yekutanga maitiro shoula ari kuimba.
Desizing: panguva yehondo, kupokana pakati peshinda yedonje kunokonzeresa magetsi, saka inofanira kunge iri starch isati yarukwa.Mushure mekurukwa, iyo pulp ichave yakaoma, uye mushure menguva yakareba ichava yero uye yakavhuvhuta, saka inofanira kunge iri desizing kutanga kuve nechokwadi kufambira mberi kwakatsetseka kwekudhinda uye kudhaya maitiro uye kunzwa kupfava.
Danho rechipiri rinonyanya kukorobha, chinangwa ndechekubvisa tsvina, mafuta nekotoni shell.Kusvibiswa kwemafuta kunogonawo kuwedzerwa kumafuta uye zvimwe zvinowedzera.
Bleaching: Kusuka jira kuti riite jena.Kune kusvibiswa mumafibhi echisikigo, panguva yekugadzira machira mamwe slurry, mafuta uye tsvina yakasvibiswa ichawedzerwawo.Kuvapo kwezvisina kuchena izvi, kwete kungotadzisa kufambira mberi kwakanaka kwekudhaya uye kupedzisa kugadzirisa, asiwo kunokanganisa kupfeka kwejira.Chinangwa chekukwesha uye kuchena ndechekushandisa kemikari uye yemuviri mechanicha chiito kubvisa kusvibiswa pajira, kuita kuti jira rive jena, rakapfava, riine kupenya kwakanaka, uye kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekupfeka, kupa akakodzera semi-zvigadzirwa zvekudhaya, kudhinda, kupedza.
Kufashaira iko kushandiswa kwecaustic soda uye zvimwe zvinofashaira zvemichero chingamu, waxy zvinhu, nitrogen zvinhu, cottonseed shell kemikari degradation reaction, emulsification, kuzvimba, nezvimwewo, Kugeza kunobvisa tsvina kubva mujira.
Bleaching inobvisa mavara echisikigo uye ita shuwa kuti jira rine kuchena kwakadzikama.Mupfungwa yakafara, inosanganisirawo kushandiswa kweblue kana fluorescent inopenya ejenti kugadzira kuchena kwemaziso.Bleaching inonyanya kusanganisira oxidant bleaching uye kuderedza kuchena kweagent.Nheyo ye oxidant bleaching ndeyekuparadza pigment jenareta kuti uwane achromatic chinangwa.Nheyo yekudzikisa kuchena kweajenti kugadzira bleaching nekudzikisa pigment.Nzira yekugadzira bleaching inobva pane zvakasiyana-siyana uye bleach agent.Kune kunyanya matatu mapoka: leaching bleaching, leaching bleaching uye rolling bleaching.Mhando dzakasiyana dzine zvinodiwa zvakasiyana pakuita bleaching.
Mercerizing: Ita kuti jira ripenye zviri nani uye rinzwe rakapfava.
1.1 Maitiro ejira rakajairwa uye jira redonje / polyester rakafanana (rakarukwa):
Kuimba → kuda → kupenya
Mucheka wakacheneswa unowanzonzi jira jena.
1.2 Maitiro emucheka wakajairwa uye donje / polyester jira (rakarukwa):
Shrinkage → deizing → bleaching
Alkali shrinkage: Nekuti jira rakarukwa harina kuomeswa, rinenge rakasununguka span, alkali shrinkage ichaita kuti jira riome.Uku ndiko kushandisa tension balance kupfavisa pamusoro pejira.
Kubikira: zvakafanana nekuita dhizaini, kunyanya kubvisa mafuta nekotoni shell.
Bleach: Kusuka jira rakachena
Corduroy process: Jira rinogadzirwa neshinda imwe yakatenderedza imwe shinda kuita loop, uye ipapo coil inochekwa kuita murwi.
1.3 Maitiro: kukunguruka kwealkali → kucheka mvere → kudhiza → kuomesa → kukwesha → kupisa mvere → kufashaidza → kuchena
Chinangwa che alkali rolling ndechekuita kuti jira riwedzere zvakasimba;Chinangwa chekucheka ndechekugadzirisa suede;Chinangwa chekutsvaira ndechekugadzirisa suede uye kubvisa kusaenzana mushure mekucheka;Chinangwa chekuimba ndechekubvisawo mapundu nemavanga.
1.4 maitiro e polyester donje machira akafanana neakajairika machira edonje
1.5 flannelette: kunyanya kuvhara magumbeze, zvipfeko zvemukati zvevana, vakwegura, machira emubhedha, nezvimwewo. A mace - se roller inotenderedzwa nekumhanya kwepamusoro pamusoro pegumbeze kuti ibudise fiber, kuitira kuti velvet isanyanya kunaka.
(2) Makushe (machira eshinda) maitiro: kugeza → kuchaya → kuchena
Kugeza makushe: Nekuti makushe ishinda yemhuka, ine tsvina, saka inofanira kugezwa kubvisa tsvina yasara pamusoro (tsvina, girisi, ziya, tsvina, nezvimwewo).
Carbonization: kuwedzera kubviswa kwetsvina, tsvina.
Carbonization: kuwedzera kubviswa kwetsvina, tsvina.Mushure mekugeza, kana jira risina kuchena, pachazoda asidi carbonization kuti iwedzere kuchenesa.
Bleaching: Kusuka jira rakachena.
(3) Maitiro esirika: degumming → kuchenesesa kana kuchena (kuchena uye kuchena kwekuwedzera)
(4) Mucheka wepolyester:
Filament: kuderedzwa kwealkali → kuchena (zvakafanana nemaitiro esirika)
② Staple fiber: kuimba → kufashaira → bleaching (maitiro akafanana nedonje)
Sterter: kuwedzera kugadzikana;Sangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira;Nzvimbo yacho yakati sandara.
2. Kudhaya nzira
(1) Nheyo yekudhaya
A Adsorption: Fiber ipolymer, iyo yakapfuma mumaion, uye dhayi iri mumubatanidzwa wemaion akasiyana, kuitira kuti faibha inotora dhayi.
B Infiltration: kune mapeji mufiber, dhayi inotsikirirwa mukati kana kupinza mukati memasero emagetsi mushure mekupisa kwepamusoro uye kudzvinyirira kukuru kuti iite ruvara.
C adhesion: hapana dhayi affinity factor mune fiber molecule, saka iyo inonamira inowedzerwa kuita kuti dhayi inamire kune fiber.
(2) Nzira:
Fiber dyeing - kuruka kwemavara (kutenderera neruvara, semuenzaniso chando chechando, shinda yakanaka)
Yarn-dhayi (yarn-dhayi jira)
Kudhaya micheka - Kudhaya (kudhaya chidimbu)
Dhayi uye kuruka zvinhu
① Yakananga dhayi-dhayi donje, yerineni, makushe, sirika uye viscose (tembiricha yekudhaya)
Zvimiro: Iyo yakanyanya kuzara chromatography, iyo yakaderera mutengo, yakanyanya kukurumidza kukurumidza, yakanyanya kupusa nzira.
Formaldehyde inoshandiswa sechinhu chinowedzera
Machira ane dhayi akananga anowanzo wedzerwa kudzikamisa kukurumidza kweruvara.
② Reactive dhayi - reactive mapoka mudhayi nekotoni, hemp, sirika, makushe uye viscose pamwe chete nemapoka anoshanda.
Zvimiro: Ruvara rwakajeka, kuenzana kwakanaka, kukurumidza, asi kunodhura.
(3) Kuparadzira dhayi - dhayi dzakakosha dzepolyester
Mamorekuru edhayi madiki sezvinobvira kupinda, uye tembiricha yepamusoro uye kudzvanywa zvinoshandiswa kukurudzira kupinda kwedhayi.Nokudaro, kutsanya kwemavara epamusoro.
④ cationic dhayi:
Dhayi yakakosha ye acrylic fibers.Iyo acrylic fibers ioni isina kunaka kana ichitenderera, uye cations mudhayi inotorwa uye ine mavara.
B polyester ine negative ions, cationic dhayi inogona kudhayiwa pakamuri tembiricha.Iyi cationic Polyester (CDP: Inogona Dhayi Polyester).
⑤ Asidhi dhayi: kudhaya makushe.
Eg Jira rakasviba reT/C rinofanira kudhayiwa sei?
Dhayiwa polyester nedhayi yakapararira, ipapo donje nedhayi yakananga, uye wozopfekedza mavara maviri kuti sandara.Kana iwe uchida nemaune kusiyana kwemavara, usaise flat.
Kune mavara akareruka, unogona chete kudhaya rudzi rumwe rwezvinhu zvakasvibirira, kana polyester kana donje nedhayi dzakasiyana.
Kana ruvara rwekutsanya runodikanwa rwakakwirira, bvisa polyester;Kune avo vane zvinodiwa zvishoma, donje rinogona kudhayiwa.
3. Kudhinda maitiro
(1) Kudhinda nemhando yemidziyo:
A. flat screen printing: inonziwo manual platform printing, inonziwo screen printing.High-grade jira pure silk inoshandiswa zvakanyanya.
B. kudhinda sikirini;
C. roller kudhinda;
D. kutamisa kudhindwa: Dhayi pabepa inotsikiswa kumucheka mushure mekupisa kwakanyanya uye kudzvanywa kwepamusoro kuumba pateni.
Magadzirirwo acho haana kunyatso kurongeka.Maketeni machira anonyanya kutamisa maprints.
(2) Kuronga nenzira:
A. Dye kudhinda: kudhaya nemajini anoshanda mudhayi dzakananga uye dhayi dzinoshanda.
B. kudhinda kudhinda: zvinowedzera zvinowedzerwa mudhayi kuti dhayi isanganise nemucheka (hapana gene rehukama pakati pemucheka uye dhayi mudhayi)
C. Anti-printing (dyeing) kudhinda: machira epamusoro-grade ane zvinodiwa zvakanyanya kune ruvara, uye anti-printing inofanira kushandiswa kuti isapinda-ruvara.
D. dhinda-kunze kudhinda: Mushure mekunge jira radhayiwa, dzimwe nzvimbo dzinoda kudhinda mamwe mavara.Rudzi rwezvinhu zvakabikwa runofanira kubviswa uye kudhindwa nemamwe mavara kudzivirira mavara kubva kune rimwe nerimwe.
E. ruva rakaora kudhinda: Shandisa alkali yakasimba kuodza shinda kumucheto kwekudhinda uye kugadzira velvet pateni.
F. Goridhe (silver) poda kudhinda: goridhe (sirivha) poda inoshandiswa kudhinda machira.Muchokwadi, ndeyewo kudhinda kwependi.
H. kutamisa kudhinda: Dhayi papepa inotsiviwa nemucheka mushure mekupisa kwakanyanya uye kudzvanywa kwepamusoro kuumba mapatani.
I. kupfapfaidza (mvura) kudhinda: inopindirana nemusimboti wevanodhinda mavara.
4. Kurongedza
1) Gadziriro yakajairika:
A. kunzwa kupera:
① Kunzwa kuomarara.Cotton nerineni mune zvakawanda
Kunzwa kwakapfava: munyoro uye mvura zvinogona kuwedzerwa
B. Pedzisa kupedza:
① dhonza
② Pre-shrinking: yemucheka wekotoni (kugeza kuderera) pachine nguva kuti saizi igadzikane.
C. kupedzisa kuonekwa:
① calender (calender) jira rinopenya, mushure mekarenda jira repamusoro rinoomesa.
② Iyo embossing inopetwa netsvimbo yekutsikisa
③ Kuchena uye kuchena mumiriri
2) Kurapa kwakakosha: Nzira yekuwana kurapwa kwakakosha: kuwedzera izvo zvinowirirana musati wagadzika, kana muchina wekuputira nejasi rinoenderana.
A. Kugadziriswa kwemvura: muchina wekuputira unoshandiswa kuisa jira remvura isina mvura / pendi pamucheka;Imwe yacho iri kudhirowa isati yatenderedza mvura isingapinde.
B. Murazvo unodzoreredza moto: mhedzisiro inowanikwa: hapana murazvo wakavhurika, zvigadziko zvefodya zvakakandwa pajira kune imwe nzvimbo zvinongodzima.
C. Anti-fouling uye anti-mafuta kurapwa;Nheyo yacho yakafanana nekudzivirira mvura, nzvimbo yacho yakafukidzwa nechidimbu chinopindirana chezvinhu.
D. Anti-mildew, antibacterial treatment: kuvhara, ceramic powder inogonawo kushandiswa kuita kurapwa kuti iwane anti-enzyme, antibacterial effect.
E. Anti-UV: Kushandiswa kwesilika inodzivirira UV ndeyekudzivirira kuparadzwa kweprotein fibers yesirika chaiyo, uye kuita sirika chaiyo yero, zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinopesana neUV muzuva.Zita rinokosha: UV-CUT
F. Infrared treatment: kusanganisira infrared resistance uye kunwa kuti uwane migumisiro yakasiyana.
G. Antistatic kurapwa: the concentrated electrostatic dispersion, kwete nyore kubudisa pfarivari.
Mamwe marapirwo akakosha ndeaya: kurapwa kwekunhuhwirira, kurapa kwemishonga (drug effect), kurapwa kwekudya, kurapwa kwemwaranzi, resin kurapwa (donje jira rinoomesa, sirika kuunyana), kugeza inogona kupfeka kurapwa, kuratidzira kurapwa, kupenya kurapwa, velvet kurapwa, fuzz (kusimudza. ) kurapwa.